Retouching and Repairing images with Photoshop (Lesson 4)

 Clone Stamp tool: 

The Clone Stamp tool paints one part of an image over another part of the same image or over another part of any open document that has the same color mode. You can also paint part of one layer over another layer. The Clone Stamp tool is useful for duplicating objects or removing a defect in an image.You can also use the Clone Stamp tool to paint content on video or animation frames.
To use the Clone Stamp tool, you set a sampling point on the area you want to copy (clone) the pixels from and paint over another area.
You can use any brush tip with the Clone Stamp tool, which gives you good control over the size of the clone area.

How to use the tool

•   Select the Clone Stamp tool . 
•  Choose a brush tip and set brush options for the blending mode, opacity, and flow in the options bar. 
•  Samples data from the layers you specify. To sample from the active layer and visible layers below it, choose Current And Below. To sample only from the active layer, choose Current Layer. To sample from all visible layers, choose All Layers. To sample from all visible layers except adjustment layers, choose All Layers and click the Ignore Adjustment Layers icon to the right of the Sample pop-up menu.
•  Alt-clicking the area you want to sample it .
•  Drag over the area of the image you want to correct.

Retouch with the Healing Brush tool
The Healing Brush tool lets you correct imperfections, causing them to disappear from the image. You use the Healing Brush tool to paint with sampled pixels from an image or pattern. 
 

How to use the tool.
Almost the same like the Clone Stamp tool .here you Drag in the image.

Notice: If there is a strong contrast at the edges of the area you want to heal, make a selection before you use the Healing Brush tool. The selection should be bigger than the area you want to heal but should precisely follow the boundary of contrasting pixels. When you paint with the Healing Brush tool, the selection prevents colors from bleeding in from the outside
 

Retouch with the Spot Healing Brush tool  

It quickly removes blemishes and other imperfections in your photos.
The Spot Healing Brush works similarly to the Healing Brush: it paints with sampled pixels from an image or pattern and matches the texture, lighting, transparency, and shading of the sampled pixels to the pixels being healed. Unlike the Healing Brush, the Spot Healing Brush doesn’t require you to specify a sample spot. The Spot Healing Brush automatically samples from around the retouched area.If you need to retouch a large area or need more control over the source sampling, you can use the Healing Brush instead of the Spot Healing Brush. 

How to use the tool.

•  Select the Tool .
•  Choose a brush size in the options bar. A brush that is slightly larger than the area you want to fix works better .
•  Choose a Type option in the options bar:
  Proximity Match
  Uses the pixels around the edge of the selection to find an image area to use as a patch for the selected area. If this option doesn’t provide a satisfactory fix, undo the fix and try the Create Texture option.
  Create TextureUses all the pixels in the selection to create a texture with which to fix the area. If the texture doesn't work, try dragging through the area a second time.
•  Select Sample All Layers in the options bar to sample data from all visible layers. Deselect Sample All Layers to sample only from the active layer.
•   Click the area you want to fix, or click and drag to smooth over imperfections in a larger area

 Patch an area 
 
The Patch tool lets you repair a selected area with pixels from another area or a pattern.You can also use the Patch tool to clone isolated areas of an image.

Notice: When repairing with pixels from the image, select a small area to produce the best result. 
 
Uses of The Patch Tool
 
1 - Repair an area using sampled pixels 

• Select the Patch tool .
• Do one of the following:
  •Drag in the image to select the area you want to repair, and select Source in the options bar.
  •Drag in the image to select the area from which you want to sample, and select Destination in the options bar.
   Notice : You can also make a selection prior to selecting the Patch tool.

•  To adjust the selection, do one of the following:
  •Shift-drag in the image to add to the existing selection.
  •Alt-drag) in the image to subtract from the existing selection.
  •Alt+Shift-drag in the image to select an area intersected by the existing selection.
  

• To extract texture with a transparent background from the sampled area, select Transparent. Deselect this option if you want to fully replace the target area with the sampled area.
    Notice that the Transparent option works best for solid or gradient backgrounds with clearly distinct textures (such as a bird in a blue sky).

• Position the pointer inside the selection, and do one of the following: 

        •If Source is selected in the options bar, drag the selection border to the area from which you               want to sample. When you release the mouse button, the originally selected area is patched               with the sampled pixels.
        •If Destination is selected in the options bar, drag the selection border to the area you want to              patch. When you release the mouse button, the newly selected area is patched with the sampled pixels. 

 

2 - Repair an area using a pattern 

• Select the Patch tool .
• Drag in the image to select the area you want to repair.
  Note: You can also make a selection prior to selecting the Patch tool.
• If desired, complete steps 3-4 above to adjust the selection and apply pattern texture with a transparent background.
• Select a pattern from the Pattern panel in the options bar, and click Use Pattern.